Military Concept Art - At the end of the day, the foundation of any serious study of martial arts will lie in the "cannon" of great men like Carl von Clausewitz, Sun Tzu and Antoine-Henri Jomini. The reason they continue to dominate is obvious: they define the contours of war and war, as we understand it, and no one has come up with anything better without resorting to serious violence to military and political history. Fourth Generation War (4GW) and Unlimited Warfare (UW), two doctrines that are sometimes offered as successors to the Clausewitzian vision, could not distinguish between politics and violence to say anything about problems with Van Creveld's ideas. Of the Trinity and not the Trinity. Warfare and Mary Kaldor's concept of New Wars. However, Canon does not (and should not) remain stable. Gray's latest book on strategy recognizes a diverse circle of strategists whose work includes general theories of strategy, some of which are not traditionally recognized by Orthodox strategists. As more and more theorists and practitioners are recognized as pioneers of the military art, they will be added similarly to the Canon of Operations and Strategy. Some accepted notions will be indisputably created and edited. While the present is not as disturbing as it is often claimed, all bets on the future are closed in a way that current macroeconomic trends, emerging technologies and geopolitics can be combined in a way that can shake the world well. It's our reference system. It would be a shame if design theory and implementation disappeared during the anti-access / denial zone era. Today, US operations in the Persian Gulf and Southeast Asia pose a wide range of threats and complexities, ranging from sophisticated technology to intermittent threats such as cyber warfare and paramilitary special operations units. Forced warfare is characterized not only by high technical calculations, but also by nonlinearity, self-organization, and complexity. Criticism of the design reached home precisely because the American approach tended to yield the best strategic results. As Echevarria noted in his article about the military's misguided approach to the Center of Gravity (COG), military planners can limit the search for COG - as defined in their professional military education. They - at the expense of losing a bigger strategic picture. If such a mitigation approach is problematic during periods of unrivaled prominence, it is even more dangerous in what may be a polar age. 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Military bases have declined globally as a result of the Cold War, even in the United States and China, which have continued to upgrade with new quality and capabilities. Priced at AU $ 49.71 AU $ 49.71, one might wonder if this is really unreasonable. Not all interpretations of strategy incorporate in their core relationship between foreign considerations of force and politics, even in classical strategic concepts. Jomini did not. Perhaps he assumed that such relationships would be automatically established under state pressure, making their coding in the strategy unnecessary. Others, such as Clausewitz, Svechin, and Liddell Hart, may have been skeptical of its automatic creation, establishing the link between force and politics as part of the core of strategy. Luttwak did not send the relationship to a certain level, but emphasized all of the relationships at all strategic levels, Luttwak still There is a place in the middle. As long as the understanding of the relationship is somewhere, whether it is in strategy or in the art of operation, or - perhaps more dubiously - in the space between separate ideas, does it matter under the label of the relationship? ? Strategy and management are the material of the operational art, and the success of operational development depends on the successful solution of individual strategic problems by the forces and the provision of all the materials they need to operate without interruption. The ultimate goal. Is achieved. Based on the goals of an operation, the art of operation defines a whole series of strategic missions and some logistics requirements. Operational art also defines the baseline of an operation, depending on the time-allocated material for the management of different strategic missions, the forces that can be deployed for combat at a specific front and the last at On the nature of the operation itself. [Xi] Price AU $ 26.33 AU $ 26.33 Meanwhile, the concept of Canon survived both for device and practical reasons. It is easy to argue that the "common sense" concept of the foundation is too restrictive, but too radical to discard the idea of a foundation that ends on its own. Every field has a foundation to be built, although the supporting structure of that base does not support a straight architecture. Students with a high level of character are believed to be mature enough not to be intimidated by differences or contradictions. Worse, it helped to have the core ideas of anthropology to maintain funding for educational guidance as education reached a more practical end. Domestic noise is shifting to military voices of the past. A bird turns into a machine gun. The sound heard while sitting in a chair incorporates memories into everyday life. Time that seems meaningless can trigger an even past. I think we would agree that an important approach to "established heuristics" is an important argument of Design. But I wonder why you make a normal / irregular difference. How do you explain the complexity of planning when Germany is confronted by the Soviet Union or Serb or Maquee (sp?) Or Brits v. the Boers or, for that matter, some of the LICs involved local insurgents against foreign occupying forces. From 1900 to the present? I choose this time to specifically mention two of your points: If design has the right to a new language that cannot be incorporated into military practice without a very different vocabulary, what does this mean for the concept of strategy? We get? If the problem lies in our reluctance to accept alternative ideas — in their original form, not necessarily the way they are transmitted through organizational doctrine and behavior — are we at risk of forgetting the basics? No? The key to the concept of design is, as the commander-in-chief admiration and campaign design states, the concept involved of complex structures and complex interactive systems. The car is a complex system: closed and detailed, but driven by internal dynamics. On the other hand, cities and social groups are complex interactions. Their dynamics are difficult to produce and characterized by inaccuracy. Criticism of the design of the elevator is that it emphasizes the complexity of the structure at the expense of the interaction complexity. The future is unpredictable, but large-scale third-party state building is rare in American history. However, there are many sanctions missions and gun diplomacy activities. American history is full of maritime forecasting operations and air power for limited completion. It's the Banana War, not Vietnam or Iraq, which is a model for the American war of attrition. As far as the scope of these campaigns relates to the art of operation, they authorize Matheny's ideas about American operations --- joint missions. In the absence of a large-scale stabilization stimulus, could design eventually become an essential tool of operational design, or would it be cut out of the military niche market? Complex arguments occur when basic assumptions are isolated. You mentioned this in your post, saying "... General norms of behavior (in the European Theater of Operations, at least)." That you have to qualify for the Japanese who may not follow the "normal norm" is the kind of cultural contact mirror that needs to be cleaned in every cinema, regardless of whether the enemies there are simple or irregular. That no. We get good at predicting what the enemy will tend to do by investing huge resources and manpower to find it. Something we were not prepared to sacrifice for the rebels. Integrated operations and energy forecasting are the raw materials of the US strategy. Without them, America could not hope for a global operation. It is clear that these types of difficult operations are most at risk by “anti-access” threats in Asia and the Middle East. But are US commanders designing operations and campaigns for more strategies, or is the US just strategizing? Just because they can coordinate large air operations on land does not mean that they will know the political stuff. . Clausewitz defined strategy in a slightly different way, arguing that "[s] strategy is the use of participation for the purpose of war. War. (Jomini acknowledged these considerations as well, but did not incorporate them into the concept of his strategy.) But how does one use engagement for political outcomes? Clausewitz is clear on this point: Search is the mechanism by which victory in battle must be politically motivated. "[W] What remains true under unforeseen circumstances is that no victory will be effective without a pursuit. And no matter how short-lived the exploits of the victory, it must go further than immediate follow-up αិα αួα Little positive benefit will be gained in the normal course of events unless the victory ends with a chase on the first day. . ”[Vii] Is the nature of the strategy acceptable to the concept of intervention? The art of operating for all the good it did in the beginning to re-emphasize the practical and skillful conduct of war may be its process and should be folded into both minds. That preceded its development. But the ancient house of the performing arts is not strategic, but strategic. In fact, a general definition of the most appropriate strategy that the art of operation could be offered, despite his operating style bias, by Liddell Hart: "The art of distribution and the application of military means to achieve the end of policy. ". «αα់αាαិαេះ αែααើααោαα αិαα្αោααាααα្αើ αឺαាαិαិα្ααូααៃα―ααាα α’ំαាα ααα់αើα αំαិα αិααោααំααααα់αើαα្αុααាααាαិαាαα៍αួα។ αាα្αាααα្ααៈα’្αីα្αៅαីα’្αីαែααើαα្αα់α²្ααាαីαួααំαាα់αៅαួααំαាα់αោះαេ។ αα្αើααឺαាααα់αើα។ αាα’α្αែαα្αុααាαα្αៀαα្αាα់α៏α’α្α ាα្ααៅαីαើα្α ាα់α្αះ αែαα្ααិαα្αិαα្αើααាំααោះ αោះα្αុααα្αិαាα α¬α្αុααα្α្αាαα៏αោα។ α ើααោះαីαាαៅα្αៀαα៏αោα αាαិαាααααាα់αើα — αិαាααៅαាα់αើααីα’αីααាα α¬αុαα αិαα្α្αីαែααាααៅαុααើα αិαα’ំαីαំαα់α្αាαែααួααេαាααααេααៅαើαា»។ αាαឺαាαាαα ាα់α្αើααៃαាαα្αើαំαើααើα្αីαាαα្ααាααីααួααែαα’ាα αើααើα αិααើααិααើαααα់α’αីααុα្ααα αិααើα្αីα្αែααα់αីαំαិαααα់α្αុំα្αាα់α’ំαីα’្αីαែααα្α្αាαα្αើα ំαោះαាααាα αំαិαααα់αួααេ αិαα ំαោះααុα្ααាαិααα់αួααេ។ "αាαα្αាααាαααα់αααាαិαែα្αα ូααៅα្αុαα្ααេαα្αិα αាαα្ααααឹααα្αាα់α្αាα់α’៊ឺα៉ុααោαααិαα្αα៍αាαាំα αិααាαααα៏α្αុααិαααែααាαាααα្α េα αាαααែααែααែαα្αែααα្αិαុααៃαααα្αα៍α្αាំ 1920 αិα 30 αα្α្αាαα្ααាα់αααα្αូααាαα ាα់αុααាαាα្αឹα្αិαាαα៍α៏α្αុαα្αាαα្αα់αែααំα្αាααាααិααែαα ាα់។ α ើααាαα្αាα់α្αូαα ំαុα αាαូαα្αាααៃαេα α្αីαោα។ αើα្αៀααៀααៅαឹαα្αឹα្αិαាαα៍αីαាαិααាំααេះ αាαិααាα’ាα αិαាααាααាα្αាំ 1991-2012 αាααាαα្αែα្αួαα្αα ាα់α្αα ែαα្αាαឹααាααាαាα±្ααាααាααិαα‘ើααិαα’ំαីαិαីαែααើααៀαα ំαែααាαα្ααិαα្αិαាα αិααុα្ααាαាα?" αើα’្αីαាαα្ααៈαៃαុα្ααាα្α្α? αំαិααុα្ααាα្α្ααα αα័ααាαូαៅαាα់αាαៅαα្αិααោαααោαាα។ αោα David Jablonsky αឺαាαួα៉ាαα្αុααាαα្αα់αោαα់αា "[t] αα្αិααុα្ααាα្α្αααα់αាα់αឺαាααាααេα α្αោαៅα្αុααាααα្ααៃαα្α្αាα αីα្αោះ αូα αែααើααាααα់αα្αាα់ αាαៅαីαេះαែααោααៅααោαាααៃαα្α្αាαα្αូααាααំαα់។"[i] αាαααα្αាααៃαុα្ααាα្α្ααេះ ααិααααួα។ αៃαα្α្αាαα្ααាα់ αិααាααααα់αៃα’ាαុααុαα្αេα’៊ែ αឺαាαឿαα្αីαួααៅα្αុαα្ααα្αិαាα្α្ααៃαំαិααុα្ααាα្α្α។ αោះαាα៉ាααាα៏αោα α’្αីαួααែαα’ាα α្ααែααាαα្αូααាααាα់αα់α ាα់αាំααីαុα្ααាα្α្α—α§αααα៍αំαាα់ααα់αើααែααាαααα្ααាαα’ាα α±្ααើααα់α’ំαីαα្α្αាα—α្αូααាααំαα់α‘ើααិααាαααៀααេះ។[ii] α្αុំαα់α្αααាαួαα’្αααាααិαាαាα αំαើα αឺα្αុαα្αាααាααα្αាα់α េαុαααែαα’្αααាααើαα‘ើα។ αោះα៉ាααាα៏αោα α្αុំαាααាαα្αុαα្αα័α្αα្ααាំααឹααាαα្αើα±្ααាααាααុαα្αាααាα LIC αិααាαα្ααុα្α "αាαα្α" ។ αាα្ααៃαាαααាα័ααិα αួα αៅα្αុααាαα្ααុα្ααα្ααាα’ាα α្αាα់αែαាαាααូα αាαα្αែαααោαាα αិααំαាααα់αុα្ααាα្α្ααាαααៈα’៊ីααឺαិααាαើα αូα αា Tet αាαααៈαូααα្αα៍/α្ααាα α¬ Abu Ghraib ។ αα្αាα់αោααំαααៃαាαααែααែααែα α§ααាαាα’្αααំαាαα្αែαα្ααិαα្αិαាααα់α្αααើα’្αីαែααាαិα្αៈα្ααិαα្αិαាα។ α៉ុα្αែαើαាα ាα់α្αើααៅαេααា? Martin Van Creveld αិα Claus Telp αាំααីααាααាα់α េααូααα្α្αាαα្ααិαα្αិαាααាαិα្αាαាααួααែααាααើααំαើααាα៉ូα‘េα’ុαα៉ាααូαំαូαាα។ α’្αααិαα្αα្αេααៀααូα αា Schneider α្αោααើαα្α α់α្ααិαα្αិαាαααα់αួααេα្αោះαៅαាα់αα្αាααααα្ααី 19 α¬α្αោα។ α្ααα្αិα្ααិαα្αិαាααាαα ្αើαα៏αាαα ្αើααិαα’ើαើαឹααុα្ααាαាαααα័ααើααឹα αិαα្αូαα’ាαាα αោααិααិαាαα’្αីα’ំαីα’ាαុααូα ។ α្ααិααើαិα្αៈα្ααិααិ្ααាααឺαាααិααααៃααិαα្αα៍α§α្αាα αα្α αាαិαាαα្αុααាααα្α ាαα’ំαីαាαα្αឹαα្αូααៃαាαα្αោααើαα្α្αាααែαα្αααα្αα់αោαααα្ααាαα’α្ααាααូα αααាαα័αα្αៃ αិαα្αើααើα។ αាααំα’ៀαα្αីααៃα’្ααα្αឹα្αីα្ααិααិ្ααាαα៏αα៌αៅαើαាαα្αេαα្αα ែααៃαα្α្αាαα័ααើααឹα αិααα្αាំαα័αα’ាαាααααែα។ This type of data sharing can be considered a "sale" of information under the California Privacy Act. αាααិααាαα្αាααាαិα្ααα្αα្αាα់α្αួααឹαα្αើα±្αα’្ααα េααី "αាααα់" αាំααេះ។ Find out more about our Privacy Policy, Help Center and Cookies and our similar technology policies. α្αៃαិα αាα់α្αែαααα់ Counterinsurgency αាαα្αើα±្ααោαាαាααាααα៊ូαα្αាα់αេαααα្αα្αី α៉ុα្αែαាαឹααាααិα្αៈα្ααិαα្αិαាααាαិα ្α ។ αៅαេααែααាααααែαα្αα់α្αααោαα’្ααα―ααេαα្αុαα្ααα្αិαាα្α្ααូαៀα αិαα’ាα‘ឺα៉α់ αោααα្αិ αិααោα ាαាα្α្αα’ំαីαាααα αាα្ααិαα្αិαាα αិααុα្ααាαាααាααα់α ំαុα αំαូαααα់α្αួααៅα្αុαα្αេααាαα៏αំ αិααេαααα្αααាααα្α។ αាαααែααែααែαα’ំαីαាααα αាαាααាαα្ααៀαα្αាαៅαឹααាαα្αោះα្ααែαα្αាαើα’α្αααាα្α្α "canon" αៅα្αុαααុα្ααាαិα្αុααំα‘ុααααα្αα៍α្αាំ 1980 αោះαីαាαាααាααែαα ែαα៉ាαα្αាαα្αៅααាααាαα្ααុα្αα្αាαិααាαααែααែααែαα’ំαី Roland Barthes αិα "αេα α្αីαីααាααៃα’α្ααα" α៏αោα។ α’្ααα្ααៃαីαូα αា Harold Bloom αាααឿαាα់α៉ាααុααាំαើ Canon αិααាαៈαំαាα់αៃαាααα្αាαូαα្αូααៃα្ααៃαីαែαα ្αើαα¬αិα αិαα’ាα α្αាα់α្αូααាα។ α’្αααិα្αាααិαα្ααាα់αែα ្αើαα α់α្αួααំαំ Canon αេះ α្ααែααឹααួααេααាααុααេ αិααោះα្αាααα្α ាαាααα្αα់αៃαេαោααែααាα្αូααាααα្αើαα‘ើα។ αាαីαាំααααាααិαα ាំαាα ់α្αះαាំαα្αុααោះαេ។ Canon α្αូααាααα្αីααើα្αីαួααα្α ូαα’្αααិαα្αα α្αុះαាα់αែα ្αើα αិααα្αាα់α’ំαីαិαីαាα្α្ααែααំαាα់αាααុαα្αុααាααិα្αាα’α្αααិα្α៍។ αាαិαាαα្αុααាαααែααែααែαα្ααាំααឹααាαα្αោះα្ααែαα្αាαែαα’្αααិαα្ααួαα ំαួαα្αូααាααេαើααំαααោαα’αុα្αិαα៌ α ើααិαីαាα្α្ααៃαាαα៊ើαα’α្αេααួαα ំαួααាααα្αះαាំαα្αុααូαα α្αោះα្αα ោααៃαំαិα។ αាαα្αាααាαααα់αααាαិαែα្αα ូααៅα្αុαα្ααេαα្αិα αាαα្ααααឹααα្αាα់α្αាα់α’៊ឺα៉ុααោαααិαα្αα៍αាαាំα αិααាααααែααិααα្αុααែααាαាααα្α េα αាαααែααែααែαα្αែααα្αិαុααៃαααα្αα៍α្αាំ 1920 αិα 30 αα្α្αាαα្ααាα់αααα្αូααាαα ាα់αុααាαាα្αឹα្αិαាαα៍α៏α្αុαα្αាαα្αα់αែααំα្αាααាααិααែαα ាα់ αិα αាαα្αាα់α្αូαα ំαុα αោααាαូαα្αាα។ αើα្αៀααៀααៅαឹαα្αឹα្αិαាαα៍αីαាαិααាំααេះ αើαាαិααាα’ាα αិαាααាααាα្αាំ 1991-2012 αាααាαα្αាα់α្αូαα្ααៀαα្αាαៅαឹααាααាαាα±្ααាααាααិαα‘ើααិαα’ំαីαិαីαែααើααៀαα ំαែααាαα្ααិαα្αិαាα αិααុα្ααាαាααែαα¬αេ? α្αៃαិα (αα្αាα់αេααេះ) αៃαាαα្ααាំααាααះαោααៅα’៊ីα៉ាα់ αិαα’ាα ្αα ្αាαីα្αាα αα្α ាαα’្ααα’αុαα្ααាααα αាαាαួααឹααα្α ាα្ααα αិαα±αាααួα។ αើαាααα αាαឹααα្ααα្αួααៅαឹαααិαααុα្ααាα្α្α αិααូαិαាα្α្αααោαាααែααាαα្αាα់α្αូααៃα្ααិαα្αិαាαα’ាαេαិααែαα¬αេ? α¬αើαាαឹαα្αាααាα្ααេαα្αៅαិαααៃ "α្ααិαα្αិαាαα្αៅαីαα្α្αាα" αេαααα្αα្αឹα្αា αិααα្αុះαα្αាα αិαα្ααិαα្αិαាααោαា? α α្αើααឺα’ាα្α័αα៉ាααាα់αាα់αៅαើα’្αីαែααំαα់αាαា “αα αា”។ αាα ្αាα់αាα់αាαំαិααៃαុα្ααាα្α្αααα់ Jomini αាαα្αាα់αើα្αីαើααាαα្ααុα្α។ αាαα្ααុα្αα៏αោαα័ααឺαាαα្αាα់αៃαុα្ααាα្α្αα៏α្α’។ αាαααα្αាαα’ំαីαុα្ααាα្α្ααែααេះα’ាα αាαααិαាααៃαααិαោαα៍ααα់αាα់α្αុααាααាαុα្ααិαα្αាα់αែααាαα្αើαាααាំααៅα្αុααីα្αាα់αាααα្αាαααα់ Marshal Ney αិα Napoleon α ើααៅαីαំαុααាαα‘ើαα្αាααាα្ααាααុα្ααិαααα់ Ney ។ αាα់αឹαα្αូααាααេαាα់α៉ាαα្α’α្αុααាααα់αើα αិααα់α’ំαីα ំαួααាααាααែαα ាំαាα ់αើα្αីαាααៅαα់ααααូαិα្αុααα្αα់α្ααុα្α។ αោααាααែαាំαីαំαិαα’α្ααាααα៍ααាααុα្ααាα្α្α αិααុα្ααាα្α្α Svechin αាααំαα់αិα្αៈα្ααិαα្αិαាαα្αុααα្ααៈ Jominian ។ αោះαាα៉ាααាα៏αោα Svechin αឺαាα’្ααα្αាα្αααα់ Clausewitz αែααាααααេααាααិα្αាα’ំαីαុαααិααាααាαααα់αាα់αែααិααាα់α្αូααាαααα្αែαាαាαាα’α់α្αេα។ αាα់αាααំαα់αុα្ααាα្α្ααោαααα េαុαα αោះαីαិααុα្ααាαα៏αោααាααិαី Clausewitzian។ “αុα្ααាα្α្ααឺαាαិα្αៈαៃαាααα្α ូαα្αាαូααាααៀαα ំαα្αាα់αα្α្αាα αិααាαα ាα់αាα្αុααៃα្ααិαα្αិαាααើα្αីαα្αេα αាααូααោααៅαែααាααំαα់αោααα្α្αាααα្αាα់αααα្αាំαα្ααាα់α’ាαុα។ αុα្ααាα្α្ααំαα់αα្α ាαែααាα់αααឹααាααាαααα់αααα្αាំαα្ααាα់α’ាαុα αិααααាααាំαα’α់ααα់α្ααេααួααα្αាα់αាααα្αេα αាααូααោααំαααៃαα្α្αាαα ុαα្αោα… α’្αααុα្ααាα្α្ααឹαααួααាααោαα័α α្ααិααើαាα់αាααα្αៃα៉ាαα្αឹαα្αូαα’ំαីαα្ααាαិαៃαα្α្αាα αែαα’ាα្α័ααើαេα្ααិα ្α αα្αα αូαិαាα្α្α αα្ααាαα្αេααα្αា។ αិααα្αាαα ្α េααេα។” [xii] αα្αៃαα់ AU$44.74 α€α€,α§α€ αុα្αាαα’ូα្α្αាαី αα្αាα់ Clausewitz αុα្ααាα្α្αα ាα់α្αើααាαួααឹααាαα្ααុα្α។ ααααូαិαឺαាαូαα្αាααៃαុα្ααាα្α្α។ αាαααα្αាααៃαុα្ααាα្α្ααែααេះα្αα ែααាα្αូααាαα’αិαα្αα៉ាαα្α’αីαααិαោαα៍ααα់ Prussia α្αុαα្αាំ 1805 ។ ααα័αααα់αាα្αូααាαα ាα់α៉ាααាα ់α’α α្αាααៅ Jena-Auerstedt αα្αាα់αីαោះαាα៉ូα‘េα’ុααាααα្ααាααាα់αែαααα់α្αួααៅαាα់ααុα្ααាα់αិα α ើααាααα្αើααααីα្αុαα៊ែαα‘ាំαα្αុααំαើααាααេះ។ Clausewitz αឿαា αាαα្αើαα្α្αាαααα់αាα៉ូα‘េα’ុα αាαα័ααា αុα្ααាαាααα្ααឹααើααាααα្αាα់αីαាαα្ααុα្αα៏αំαាα់ αα្αាα់αាαα្αែααααោαα₯ααα់αααឹααាំαៅαααα្αិαាααាααα្ααα្αααα់αាα់។ α’ាα ្αα ្αាαីα្αាααឺα្αុαα្αាααាំααα αាαα្α័α្α αិαα’α្ααααα្α។ αុα្ααាαាα Normandy α៏αូα α្αាαែα។ αាαα ាα់αα្α ូααα្αាំααៅα្αុαα្αីαα’ឺα៉ុααឺαាαាααិααំα្αឹαα្αែααួααែαα្αូααាαα ាα់α«ααៅα្αុααα្α ាα’α្ααααα្ααាαααោαាα αោαា αិααα្α ាα្ααិαα្αិαាα។ αα្α ាαាំαα’α់αេះ - αីα’ាαាααាαុαα ូααα់ααα៉ះαាα់ααោαាααៃα’្αααែααឹαα្αα់α្ααα្ααេααាαាំαα្αោααα្α្αាα - αាααα្αុααើαាααα αាαៃαុα្ααាαាααេះ។ αាαូαៅ αα្α្αាααោααើααី 2 αេα α‘ើααែα្αុααាααៀαα ំα‘ើααិαα៉ុα្αោះ។ αាαααែααែααែαα្αៃα្αុαααα់α’α់α្αេα αិαα’ាαេαិααើαោαααោαាααα្αិαុαα’α្αααាαិαេααួααααα្αα៍α្αាំ 1930 αេαα្αះαាααα្α ាααា αα្ααៈαិαិα ្α័ααំαាα់ααាំαα’α់αៃαα αាαα្α័α្ααិαα្α’៖ α’្αααំαាααែααាααាαα’α់αំαិααាααα់α្αααើαα αាαα្α័α្ααៃαα្α ាααោαាα-αោαាαោះαេ។ αាααα្αេα α ិα្ααើα’αាαααៃαα្α្αាα α្ααាំααឹαα្αៃαាαα្αោααៃαាαα្αាα់α្αូααα ្α េααិα្αាαα្αួααី αោααα្αិ αិααាαα្αាα់α្αូαααោαាαα៏αៅα្αាααីαាααាαα្ααែα។
Military Concept Art
Source: cdn2.f-cdn.com
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