Wednesday, March 1, 2023

Military Concept Art

Military Concept Art - At the end of the day, the foundation of any serious study of martial arts will lie in the "cannon" of great men like Carl von Clausewitz, Sun Tzu and Antoine-Henri Jomini. The reason they continue to dominate is obvious: they define the contours of war and war, as we understand it, and no one has come up with anything better without resorting to serious violence to military and political history. Fourth Generation War (4GW) and Unlimited Warfare (UW), two doctrines that are sometimes offered as successors to the Clausewitzian vision, could not distinguish between politics and violence to say anything about problems with Van Creveld's ideas. Of the Trinity and not the Trinity. Warfare and Mary Kaldor's concept of New Wars. However, Canon does not (and should not) remain stable. Gray's latest book on strategy recognizes a diverse circle of strategists whose work includes general theories of strategy, some of which are not traditionally recognized by Orthodox strategists. As more and more theorists and practitioners are recognized as pioneers of the military art, they will be added similarly to the Canon of Operations and Strategy. Some accepted notions will be indisputably created and edited. While the present is not as disturbing as it is often claimed, all bets on the future are closed in a way that current macroeconomic trends, emerging technologies and geopolitics can be combined in a way that can shake the world well. It's our reference system. It would be a shame if design theory and implementation disappeared during the anti-access / denial zone era. Today, US operations in the Persian Gulf and Southeast Asia pose a wide range of threats and complexities, ranging from sophisticated technology to intermittent threats such as cyber warfare and paramilitary special operations units. Forced warfare is characterized not only by high technical calculations, but also by nonlinearity, self-organization, and complexity. Criticism of the design reached home precisely because the American approach tended to yield the best strategic results. As Echevarria noted in his article about the military's misguided approach to the Center of Gravity (COG), military planners can limit the search for COG - as defined in their professional military education. They - at the expense of losing a bigger strategic picture. If such a mitigation approach is problematic during periods of unrivaled prominence, it is even more dangerous in what may be a polar age. 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Military bases have declined globally as a result of the Cold War, even in the United States and China, which have continued to upgrade with new quality and capabilities. Priced at AU $ 49.71 AU $ 49.71, one might wonder if this is really unreasonable. Not all interpretations of strategy incorporate in their core relationship between foreign considerations of force and politics, even in classical strategic concepts. Jomini did not. Perhaps he assumed that such relationships would be automatically established under state pressure, making their coding in the strategy unnecessary. Others, such as Clausewitz, Svechin, and Liddell Hart, may have been skeptical of its automatic creation, establishing the link between force and politics as part of the core of strategy. Luttwak did not send the relationship to a certain level, but emphasized all of the relationships at all strategic levels, Luttwak still There is a place in the middle. As long as the understanding of the relationship is somewhere, whether it is in strategy or in the art of operation, or - perhaps more dubiously - in the space between separate ideas, does it matter under the label of the relationship? ? Strategy and management are the material of the operational art, and the success of operational development depends on the successful solution of individual strategic problems by the forces and the provision of all the materials they need to operate without interruption. The ultimate goal. Is achieved. Based on the goals of an operation, the art of operation defines a whole series of strategic missions and some logistics requirements. Operational art also defines the baseline of an operation, depending on the time-allocated material for the management of different strategic missions, the forces that can be deployed for combat at a specific front and the last at On the nature of the operation itself. [Xi] Price AU $ 26.33 AU $ 26.33 Meanwhile, the concept of Canon survived both for device and practical reasons. It is easy to argue that the "common sense" concept of the foundation is too restrictive, but too radical to discard the idea of ​​a foundation that ends on its own. Every field has a foundation to be built, although the supporting structure of that base does not support a straight architecture. Students with a high level of character are believed to be mature enough not to be intimidated by differences or contradictions. Worse, it helped to have the core ideas of anthropology to maintain funding for educational guidance as education reached a more practical end. Domestic noise is shifting to military voices of the past. A bird turns into a machine gun. The sound heard while sitting in a chair incorporates memories into everyday life. Time that seems meaningless can trigger an even past. I think we would agree that an important approach to "established heuristics" is an important argument of Design. But I wonder why you make a normal / irregular difference. How do you explain the complexity of planning when Germany is confronted by the Soviet Union or Serb or Maquee (sp?) Or Brits v. the Boers or, for that matter, some of the LICs involved local insurgents against foreign occupying forces. From 1900 to the present? I choose this time to specifically mention two of your points: If design has the right to a new language that cannot be incorporated into military practice without a very different vocabulary, what does this mean for the concept of strategy? We get? If the problem lies in our reluctance to accept alternative ideas — in their original form, not necessarily the way they are transmitted through organizational doctrine and behavior — are we at risk of forgetting the basics? No? The key to the concept of design is, as the commander-in-chief admiration and campaign design states, the concept involved of complex structures and complex interactive systems. The car is a complex system: closed and detailed, but driven by internal dynamics. On the other hand, cities and social groups are complex interactions. Their dynamics are difficult to produce and characterized by inaccuracy. Criticism of the design of the elevator is that it emphasizes the complexity of the structure at the expense of the interaction complexity. The future is unpredictable, but large-scale third-party state building is rare in American history. However, there are many sanctions missions and gun diplomacy activities. American history is full of maritime forecasting operations and air power for limited completion. It's the Banana War, not Vietnam or Iraq, which is a model for the American war of attrition. As far as the scope of these campaigns relates to the art of operation, they authorize Matheny's ideas about American operations --- joint missions. In the absence of a large-scale stabilization stimulus, could design eventually become an essential tool of operational design, or would it be cut out of the military niche market? Complex arguments occur when basic assumptions are isolated. You mentioned this in your post, saying "... General norms of behavior (in the European Theater of Operations, at least)." That you have to qualify for the Japanese who may not follow the "normal norm" is the kind of cultural contact mirror that needs to be cleaned in every cinema, regardless of whether the enemies there are simple or irregular. That no. We get good at predicting what the enemy will tend to do by investing huge resources and manpower to find it. Something we were not prepared to sacrifice for the rebels. Integrated operations and energy forecasting are the raw materials of the US strategy. Without them, America could not hope for a global operation. It is clear that these types of difficult operations are most at risk by “anti-access” threats in Asia and the Middle East. But are US commanders designing operations and campaigns for more strategies, or is the US just strategizing? Just because they can coordinate large air operations on land does not mean that they will know the political stuff. . Clausewitz defined strategy in a slightly different way, arguing that "[s] strategy is the use of participation for the purpose of war. War. (Jomini acknowledged these considerations as well, but did not incorporate them into the concept of his strategy.) But how does one use engagement for political outcomes? Clausewitz is clear on this point: Search is the mechanism by which victory in battle must be politically motivated. "[W] What remains true under unforeseen circumstances is that no victory will be effective without a pursuit. And no matter how short-lived the exploits of the victory, it must go further than immediate follow-up แžិแž…แžួแž… Little positive benefit will be gained in the normal course of events unless the victory ends with a chase on the first day. . ”[Vii] Is the nature of the strategy acceptable to the concept of intervention? The art of operating for all the good it did in the beginning to re-emphasize the practical and skillful conduct of war may be its process and should be folded into both minds. That preceded its development. But the ancient house of the performing arts is not strategic, but strategic. In fact, a general definition of the most appropriate strategy that the art of operation could be offered, despite his operating style bias, by Liddell Hart: "The art of distribution and the application of military means to achieve the end of policy. ". «แž‘แž„់แž‡ាแžិแž“េះ แžŠែแž›แž™ើแž„แž‚ោแžšแž– แž“ិแž„แž€្แžšោแž˜แž€ាแžšแž”แž˜្แžšើ แž‚ឺแž‡ាแž“ិแž˜ិแž្แžแžšូแž”แž“ៃแžฏแž€แž—ាแž– แžขំแžŽាแž…แžšแž”แžŸ់แž™ើแž„ แž‚ំแž“ិแž แž“ិแž„แž‚ោแž›แž”ំแžŽแž„แžšแž”แžŸ់แž™ើแž„แž€្แž“ុแž„แž“ាแž˜แž‡ាแžិแžŸាแžŸแž“៍แž˜ួแž™។ แžœា​แž‚្แž˜ាแž“​แž›แž€្แžแžŽៈ​แžข្แžœី​แž€្แžšៅ​แž–ី​แžข្แžœី​แžŠែแž›​แž™ើแž„​แž•្แžแž›់​แžฒ្แž™​แžœា​แž–ី​แž˜ួแž™​แž‡ំแž“ាแž“់​แž‘ៅ​แž˜ួแž™​แž‡ំแž“ាแž“់​แž“ោះ​แž‘េ។ แž‡แž˜្แžšើแžŸแž‚ឺแž‡ាแžšแž”แžŸ់แž™ើแž„។ แžœា​แžขแžŽ្แžែแž​แž€្แž“ុแž„​แž—ាแž–​แžŸ្แž„ៀแž˜แžŸ្แž„ាแž់​แžŠ៏​แžขแžŸ្แž…ាแžš្แž™​แž“ៅ​แž–ី​แž›ើ​แž˜្แž…ាแžŸ់แž•្แž‘ះ แžŠែแž›​แž”្แžšแžិแž”แž្แžិ​แž‡แž˜្แžšើแžŸ​แž‘ាំแž„​แž“ោះ แž‘ោះ​แž€្แž“ុแž„​แžŸแž“្แžិแž—ាแž– แžฌ​แž€្แž“ុแž„​แžŸแž„្แž‚្แžšាแž˜​แž€៏แžŠោแž™។ แž ើแž™แž‘ោះแž”ីแž‡ាแž“ៅแžŸ្แž„ៀแž˜แž€៏แžŠោแž™ แžœាแž“ិแž™ាแž™แž˜แž€แž€ាแž“់แž™ើแž„ — แž“ិแž™ាแž™แž‘ៅแž€ាแž“់แž™ើแž„แž–ីแžขแžីแžแž€ាแž› แžฌแž”ុแžšแžŸ แž“ិแž„แžŸ្แž្แžšីแžŠែแž›แž”ាแž“แž‘ៅแž˜ុแž“แž™ើแž„ แž“ិแž„แžขំแž–ីแž€ំแžŽแž់แž្แžšាแžŠែแž›แž–ួแž€แž‚េแž”ាแž“แžŸแžšแžŸេแžšแž“ៅแž›ើแžœា»។ แžœាแž‚ឺแž‡ាแž€ាแžšแž…ាแž”់แž•្แžើแž˜แž“ៃแž€ាแžšแž’្แžœើแžŠំแžŽើแžšแžŠើแž˜្แž”ីแž›ាแžแž្แžšแžŠាแž„แž–ីแžšแž”ួแžŸแžŠែแž›แžขាแž…แž˜ើแž›แžƒើแž‰ แž“ិแž„แž˜ើแž›แž˜ិแž“แžƒើแž‰แžšแž”แžŸ់แžขแžីแžแž™ុแž‘្แž’แž‡แž“ แž“ិแž„แžŠើแž˜្แž”ីแžŸ្แžœែแž„แž™แž›់แž–ីแž‚ំแž“ិแžแžšแž”แžŸ់แž្แž‰ុំแž•្แž‘ាแž›់แžขំแž–ីแžข្แžœីแžŠែแž›แžŸแž„្แžš្แž‚ាแž˜แž’្แžœើแž…ំแž–ោះแžšាแž„แž€ាแž™ แž‚ំแž“ិแžแžšแž”แžŸ់แž–ួแž€แž‚េ แž“ិแž„แž…ំแž–ោះแž˜แž“ុแžŸ្แžŸแž‡ាแžិแžšแž”แžŸ់แž–ួแž€แž‚េ។ "แž€ាแžšแžˆ្แž›ាแž“แž–ាแž“แžšแž”แžŸ់แž‡แž“แž‡ាแžិแž–ែแžš្แžŸแž…ូแž›แž‘ៅแž€្แž“ុแž„แž”្แžšแž‘េแžŸแž€្แžšិแž… แž€ាแžšแž”្แžšแžˆแž˜แž“ឹแž„แžŸแžŽ្แžាแž”់แž’្แž“ាแž”់แžข៊ឺแžš៉ុแž”แžŠោแž™แž”แžŠិแžœแž្แžแž“៍แž”ាแžšាំแž„ แž“ិแž„แžាแž˜แž–แž›แžŠ៏แž‡្แžšុแž›แž“ិแž™แž˜แžŠែแž›แžœាแž”ាแž“แž”แž‰្แž…េแž‰ แž€ាแžšแž‡แž‡ែแž€แžœែแž€แž‰ែแž€แž•្แž“ែแž€แžŸแž“្แžិแžŸុแžแž“ៃแž‘แžŸแžœแž្แžŸแžš៍แž†្แž“ាំ 1920 แž“ិแž„ 30 แžŸแž„្แžš្แž‚ាแž˜แž្แžšแž‡ាแž€់แžŸแž€แž›แž្แžšូแžœแž”ាแž“แž…ាแž់แž‘ុแž€แžាแž‡ាแž–្แžšឹแž្แžិแž€ាแžšแžŽ៍แžŠ៏แžŸ្แž˜ុแž‚แžŸ្แž˜ាแž‰แž្แž–แžŸ់แžŠែแž›แž”ំแž•្แž›ាแž‰แž€ាแžšแž‚ិแžแž”ែแž”แž…ាแžŸ់។ แž ើแž™แž”ាแž“แž•្แž›ាแžŸ់แž”្แžូแžšแž…ំแžŽុแž…แž‡ាแž˜ូแž›แžŠ្แž‹ាแž“แž“ៃแžŸេแž…แž€្แžីแž™ោแž„។ แž”ើแž”្แžšៀแž”แž’ៀแž”แž‘ៅแž“ឹแž„แž–្แžšឹแž្แžិแž€ាแžšแžŽ៍แž‘ីแžាแž“ិแž€แž‘ាំแž„แž“េះ แžœាแž–ិแžแž‡ាแžขាแž…แž“ិแž™ាแž™แž”ាแž“แžាแž†្แž“ាំ 1991-2012 แž˜ាแž“แž€ាแžšแž”្แžšែแž”្แžšួแž›แž”្แžšแž ាแž€់แž”្แžšแž ែแž›แž‚្แž“ាแž“ឹแž„แž€ាแžšแž’ាแž“ាแžฑ្แž™แž˜ាแž“แž€ាแžšแž‚ិแžแžกើแž„แžœិแž‰แžขំแž–ីแžœិแž’ីแžŠែแž›แž™ើแž„แžšៀแž”แž…ំแž•ែแž“แž€ាแžšแž”្แžšแžិแž”แž្แžិแž€ាแžš แž“ិแž„แž™ុแž‘្แž’แž“ាแž€ាแžš?" แžើแžข្แžœីแž‡ាแž›แž€្แžแžŽៈแž“ៃแž™ុแž‘្แž’แžŸាแžŸ្แž្แžš? แž‚ំแž“ិแžแž™ុแž‘្แž’แžŸាแžŸ្แžš្แžแžŸแž แžŸแž˜័แž™แž‡ាแž‘ូแž‘ៅแžŠាแž€់แžœាแž“ៅแž€แž˜្แžšិแžแž‚ោแž›แž“แž™ោแž”ាแž™។ แž›ោแž€ David Jablonsky แž‚ឺแž‡ាแžួแž™៉ាแž„แž€្แž“ុแž„แž€ាแžšแž•្แžแž›់แž™ោแž”แž›់แžា "[t] แž€แž˜្แžšិแžแž™ុแž‘្แž’แžŸាแžŸ្แž្แžšแžšแž”แžŸ់แž‚ាแž់แž‚ឺแž˜ាแž“แž—ាแž–แž›េแž…แž’្แž›ោแž“ៅแž€្แž“ុแž„แž€ាแžšแž”แž“្แžแž“ៃแžŸแž„្แžš្แž‚ាแž˜ แž–ីแž–្แžšោះ แžŠូแž…แžŠែแž›แž™ើแž„แž”ាแž“แž€แž់แžŸแž˜្แž‚ាแž›់ แžœាแž“ៅแž‘ីแž“េះแžŠែแž›แž‚ោแž›แžŠៅแž“แž™ោแž”ាแž™แž“ៃแžŸแž„្แžš្แž‚ាแž˜แž្แžšូแžœแž”ាแž“แž€ំแžŽแž់។"[i] แž€ាแžšแž”แž€แžŸ្แžšាแž™แž“ៃแž™ុแž‘្แž’แžŸាแžŸ្แžš្แžแž“េះ แž•แž›ិแžแž•แž›แž˜ួแž™។ แž“ៃแžŸแž„្แž‚្แžšាแž˜แž្แžšแž‡ាแž€់ แž“ិแž„แž€ាแžšแž˜แž€แžŠแž›់แž“ៃแžขាแžœុแž’แž“ុแž™แž€្แž›េแžข៊ែ แž‚ឺแž‡ាแžšឿแž„แž្แž˜ីแž˜ួแž™แž“ៅแž€្แž“ុแž„แž”្แžšแžœแž្แžិแžŸាแžŸ្แž្แžšแž“ៃแž‚ំแž“ិแžแž™ុแž‘្แž’แžŸាแžŸ្แž្แžš។ แž‘ោះแž‡ាแž™៉ាแž„แžŽាแž€៏แžŠោแž™ แžข្แžœីแž˜ួแž™แžŠែแž›แžขាแž…แž”្แžšแž€ែแž€แž”ាแž“แž្แžšូแžœแž”ាแž“แž”ាแž់แž”แž„់แž…ាแž”់แžាំแž„แž–ីแž™ុแž‘្แž’แžŸាแžŸ្แž្แžš—แžงแž”แž€แžšแžŽ៍แžŸំแžាแž“់แžšแž”แžŸ់แž™ើแž„แžŠែแž›แž˜ាแž“แžŸแž˜แž្แžแž—ាแž–แžขាแž…แžฑ្แž™แž™ើแž„แž™แž›់แžขំแž–ីแžŸแž„្แž‚្แžšាแž˜—แž្แžšូแžœแž”ាแž“แž€ំแžŽแž់แžกើแž„แžœិแž‰แžាแž˜แžšแž”ៀแž”แž“េះ។[ii] แž្แž‰ុំแž™แž›់แžŸ្แžšแž”แž‡ាแž˜ួแž™แžข្แž“แž€แžាแž”แžšិแž™ាแž€ាแžŸ แž‘ំแž“ើแž” แž‚ឺแžŸ្แž˜ុแž‚แžŸ្แž˜ាแž‰แž‡ាแž„แžŸแž˜្แžšាแž”់แž េแžុแž•แž›แžŠែแž›แžข្แž“แž€แž”ាแž“แž›ើแž€แžกើแž„។ แž‘ោះแž™៉ាแž„แžŽាแž€៏แžŠោแž™ แž្แž‰ុំแž˜ាแž“แž€ាแžšแž”្แžšុแž„แž”្แžšแž™័แž្แž“แž”្แžšแž†ាំแž„แž“ឹแž„แž€ាแžšแž’្แžœើแžฑ្แž™แž˜ាแž“แž—ាแž–แžុแžŸแž‚្แž“ាแžšแžœាแž„ LIC แž“ិแž„แž€ាแžšแž”្แžšแž™ុแž‘្แž’ "แžŸាแž˜แž‰្แž‰" ។ แž–ាแž€្แž™แž“ៃแž€ាแžšแž”แžšាแž‡័แž™แžិแž…แžួแž…แž“ៅแž€្แž“ុแž„แž€ាแžšแž”្แžšแž™ុแž‘្แž’แž’แž˜្แž˜แžាแžขាแž…แž‚្แžšាแž“់แžែแž‡ាแž€ាแžšแžូแž…แžាแžแž•្แž“ែแž€แž“แž™ោแž”ាแž™ แž“ិแž„แžšំแžាแž“แžŠแž›់แž™ុแž‘្แž’แžŸាแžŸ្แž្แžšแžាแž˜แžšแž™ៈแžข៊ីแž“แž’ឺแžŽិแžแž‡ាแžŠើแž˜ แžŠូแž…แž‡ា Tet แžាแž˜แžšแž™ៈแž‘ូแžšแž‘แžŸ្แžŸแž“៍/แž€្แžšแžŠាแžŸ แžฌ Abu Ghraib ។ แžŸแž˜្แžšាแž”់แž‚ោแž›แž”ំแžŽแž„แž“ៃแž€ាแžšแž‡แž‡ែแž€แžœែแž€แž‰ែแž€ แžงแž”แž˜ាแžាแžข្แž“แž€แž‡ំแž“ាแž‰แž•្แž“ែแž€แž”្แžšแžិแž”แž្แžិแž€ាแžšแž™แž›់แž–្แžšแž˜แž›ើแžข្แžœីแžŠែแž›แž‡ាแžŸិแž›្แž”ៈแž”្แžšแžិแž”แž្แžិแž€ាแžš។ แž”៉ុแž“្แžែแžើแžœាแž…ាแž”់แž•្แžើแž˜แž“ៅแž–េแž›แžŽា? Martin Van Creveld แž“ិแž„ Claus Telp แž‘ាំแž„แž–ីแžšแž”ាแž“แžŠាแž€់แž…េแž‰แž“ូแžœแžŸแž„្แž‚្แžšាแž˜แž”្แžšแžិแž”แž្แžិแž€ាแžšแž‡ាแž“ិแž“្แž“ាแž€ាแžšแž˜ួแž™แžŠែแž›แž˜ាแž“แžŠើแž˜แž€ំแžŽើแžแžŽាแž”៉ូแžกេแžขុแž„แž™៉ាแž„แž‘ូแž›ំแž‘ូแž›ាแž™។ แžข្แž“แž€แž“ិแž–แž“្แž’แž•្แžŸេแž„แž‘ៀแžแžŠូแž…แž‡ា Schneider แž•្แžោแžแž›ើแž€แž‰្แž…แž€់แž”្แžšแžិแž”แž្แžិแž€ាแžšแžšแž”แžŸ់แž–ួแž€แž‚េแž†្แž–ោះแž‘ៅแž–ាแž€់แž€แžŽ្แžាแž›แžŸแžแžœแž្แžŸแž‘ី 19 แžฌแž€្แžšោแž™។ แž”្แžšแžœแž្แžិแž”្แžšแžិแž”แž្แžិแž€ាแžšแž—ាแž‚แž…្แžšើแž“แž€៏แž—ាแž‚แž…្แžšើแž“แž˜ិแž“แžขើแž–ើแž“ឹแž„แž™ុแž‘្แž’แž“ាแž€ាแžšแž€แž„แž‘័แž–แž‡ើแž„แž‘ឹแž€ แž“ិแž„แž•្แž›ូแžœแžขាแž€ាแžŸ แžŠោแž™แž˜ិแž“แž“ិแž™ាแž™แžข្แžœីแžขំแž–ីแžขាแžœុแž’แžូแž…។ แž”្แžšแžŸិแž“แž”ើแžŸិแž›្แž”ៈแž”្แžšแžិแž”แžិ្แžแž€ាแžšแž‚ឺแž‡ាแž•แž›ិแžแž•แž›แž“ៃแž”แžŠិแžœแž្แžแž“៍แžงแžŸ្แžŸាแž แž€แž˜្แž˜ แžœាแž–ិแž”ាแž€แž€្แž“ុแž„แž€ាแžšแž”แž„្แž ាแž‰แžขំแž–ីแž—ាแž–แž្แžšឹแž˜แž្แžšូแžœแž“ៃแž€ាแžšแž•្แžោแžแž›ើแžŸแž„្แžš្แž‚ាแž˜แžŠែแž›แž‚្แžšแž”แžŠแžŽ្แžแž”់แžŠោแž™แžŸแž€แž˜្แž˜แž—ាแž–แžขแž„្แž‚แž—ាแž–แžូแž…แŸ—แžšแžœាแž„แž‘័แž–แž–្แžšៃ แž“ិแž„แž្แž˜ើแžšแž‡ើแž„។ แž—ាแž–แž›ំแžขៀแž„แž‘្แžœីแž”แž“ៃแžข្แž“แž€แž‘្แžšឹแžŸ្แžីแž”្แžšแžិแž”แžិ្แžแž€ាแžšแž€៏แž–แžŽ៌แž‘ៅแž›ើแž€ាแžšแž’្แžœេแžŸแž”្แžšแž ែแžŸแž“ៃแžŸแž„្แž‚្แžšាแž˜แž‘័แž–แž‡ើแž„แž‘ឹแž€ แž“ិแž„แž€แž˜្แž›ាំแž„แž‘័แž–แžขាแž€ាแžŸแž•แž„แžŠែแžš។ This type of data sharing can be considered a "sale" of information under the California Privacy Act. แž€ាแžšแž”ិแž‘แž€ាแžšแž•្แžŸាแž™แž–ាแžŽិแž‡្แž‡แž€แž˜្แž˜แž•្แž‘ាแž›់แž្แž›ួแž“แž“ឹแž„แž’្แžœើแžฑ្แž™แžข្แž“แž€แž…េแž‰แž–ី "แž€ាแžšแž›แž€់" แž‘ាំแž„แž“េះ។ Find out more about our Privacy Policy, Help Center and Cookies and our similar technology policies. แž្แž„ៃแž›ិแž…แž‡ាแž€់แžŸ្แžែแž„แžšแž”แžŸ់ Counterinsurgency แž”ាแž“แž’្แžœើแžฑ្แž™แž™ោแž’ាแž˜ាแž“แž€ាแžšแžแžŸ៊ូแžŸแž˜្แžšាแž”់แž”េแžŸแž€แž€แž˜្แž˜แž្แž˜ី แž”៉ុแž“្แžែแžœាแž“ឹแž„แž˜ាแž“แžŸិแž›្แž”ៈแž”្แžšแžិแž”แž្แžិแž€ាแžšแž‡ាแž“ិแž…្แž…។ แž“ៅแž–េแž›แžŠែแž›แžœាแž›แžšแž„แžŠែแž›แž‚្แžšแž”់แž‚្แžšแž„แžŠោแž™แžข្แž“แž€แžฏแž€แž‘េแžŸแž€្แž“ុแž„แž”្แžšแžœแž្แžិแžŸាแžŸ្แž្แžšแžŸូแžœៀแž แž“ិแž„แžขាแžกឺแž˜៉แž„់ แž‚ោแž›แž›แž‘្แž’ិ แž“ិแž„แžœោแž ាแžŸាแžŸ្แž្แžšแžขំแž–ីแž€ាแžšแžšแž…แž“ាแž”្แžšแžិแž”แž្แžិแž€ាแžš แž“ិแž„แž™ុแž‘្แž’แž“ាแž€ាแžšแžˆាแž“แžŠแž›់แž…ំแžŽុแž…แž€ំแž–ូแž›แžšแž”แžŸ់แž្แž›ួแž“แž“ៅแž€្แž“ុแž„แžŸ្แžេแžšแž—ាแž–แžŠ៏แž’ំ แž“ិแž„แž”េแžŸแž€แž€แž˜្แž˜แž€แžŸាแž„แžšแžŠ្แž‹។ แž€ាแžšแž‡แž‡ែแž€แžœែแž€แž‰ែแž€แžขំแž–ីแž€ាแžšแžšแž…แž“ាแž˜ាแž“แž—ាแž–แžŸ្แžšแžŠៀแž„แž‚្แž“ាแž‘ៅแž“ឹแž„แž€ាแžšแžˆ្แž›ោះแž”្แžšแž€ែแž€แž‚្แž“ាแž›ើแžขแž€្แžŸแžšแžŸាแžŸ្แž្แžš "canon" แž“ៅแž€្แž“ុแž„แž˜แž“ុแžŸ្แžŸแž‡ាแžិแž€្แž“ុแž„แž€ំแžกុแž„แž‘แžŸแžœแž្แžŸแžš៍แž†្แž“ាំ 1980 แž‘ោះแž”ីแž‡ាแž˜ាแž“แž€ាแžšแž”ែแž„แž…ែแž€แž™៉ាแž„แž‡្แžšាแž›แž‡្แžšៅแžšแžœាแž„แž€ាแžšแž”្แžšแž™ុแž‘្แž’แž‚្แž“ាแž“ិแž„แž€ាแžšแž‡แž‡ែแž€แžœែแž€แž‰ែแž€แžขំแž–ី Roland Barthes แž“ិแž„ "แžŸេแž…แž€្แžីแžšីแž€แžšាแž™แž“ៃแžขแž្แžแž”แž‘" แž€៏แžŠោแž™។ แžข្แž“แž€แž”្แžšแž–ៃแžŽីแžŠូแž…แž‡ា Harold Bloom แž”ាแž“แž‡ឿแž‡ាแž€់แž™៉ាแž„แž˜ុแžแž˜ាំแž›ើ Canon แž“ិแž„แžŸាแžšៈแžŸំแžាแž“់แž“ៃแž€ាแžšแžšแž€្แžŸាแž“ូแžœแžŸ្แž“ូแž›แž“ៃแž”្แžšแž–ៃแžŽីแžŠែแž›แž…្แžšើแž“แžฌแžិแž…แž˜ិแž“แžขាแž…แž•្แž›ាแžŸ់แž”្แžូแžšแž”ាแž“។ แžข្แž“แž€แžŸិแž€្แžŸាแž”แžŠិแžœแž្แžแž€ាแž“់แžែแž…្แžšើแž“แž…แž„់แž•្แžួแž›แžšំแž›ំ Canon แž“េះ แž”្แžšแž‡ែแž„แž“ឹแž„แžួแžšแž›េแžแžˆាแž“แž˜ុแžแž‚េ แž“ិแž„แžŠោះแžŸ្แžšាแž™แž”แž‰្แž ាแž€ាแžšแžŸแž“្แž˜แž់แž“ៃแž˜េแžšោแž‚แžŠែแž›แžœាแž្แžšូแžœแž”ាแž“แž”แž„្แž€ើแžแžกើแž„។ แž—ាแž‚ីแž‘ាំแž„แžŸแž„แžាแž„แž˜ិแž“แž…ាំแž”ាแž…់แžˆ្แž“ះแž‘ាំแž„แžŸ្แžšុแž„แž“ោះแž‘េ។ Canon แž្แžšូแžœ​แž”ាแž“​แž–แž„្แžšីแž€​แžŠើแž˜្แž”ី​แžšួแž˜​แž”แž‰្แž…ូแž›​แžข្แž“แž€​แž“ិแž–แž“្แž’​แž…แž˜្แžšុះ​แž€ាแž“់​แžែ​แž…្แžšើแž“ แž“ិแž„​แž”แž‰្แž‡ាแž€់​แžขំแž–ី​แžœិแž’ី​แžŸាแžŸ្แž្แžš​แžŠែแž›​แžŸំแžាแž“់​แž‡ាแž„​แž˜ុแž“​แž€្แž“ុแž„​แž€ាแžš​แžŸិแž€្แžŸា​แžขแž€្แžŸแžšแžŸិแž›្แž”៍។ แžœាแž–ិแž”ាแž€แž€្แž“ុแž„แž€ាแžšแž‡แž‡ែแž€แžœែแž€แž‰ែแž€แž”្แžšแž†ាំแž„แž“ឹแž„แž€ាแžšแžˆ្แž›ោះแž”្แžšแž€ែแž€แž‚្แž“ាแžŠែแž›แžข្แž“แž€แž“ិแž–แž“្แž’แž˜ួแž™แž…ំแž“ួแž“แž្แžšូแžœแž”ាแž“แž‚េแž˜ើแž›แžšំแž›แž„แžŠោแž™แžขแž™ុแž្แžិแž’แž˜៌ แž ើแž™แžœិแž’ីแžŸាแžŸ្แžš្แžแž“ៃแž€ាแžšแžŸ៊ើแž”แžขแž„្แž€េแžแž˜ួแž™แž…ំแž“ួแž“แž”ាแž“แž‡แž˜្แžšះแž‘ាំแž„แžŸ្แžšុแž„แž“ូแžœแž…แž“្แž›ោះแž”្แžšแž ោแž„แž“ៃแž‚ំแž“ិแž។ แž€ាแžšแžˆ្แž›ាแž“แž–ាแž“แžšแž”แžŸ់แž‡แž“แž‡ាแžិแž–ែแžš្แžŸแž…ូแž›แž‘ៅแž€្แž“ុแž„แž”្แžšแž‘េแžŸแž€្แžšិแž… แž€ាแžšแž”្แžšแžˆแž˜แž“ឹแž„แžŸแžŽ្แžាแž”់แž’្แž“ាแž”់แžข៊ឺแžš៉ុแž”แžŠោแž™แž”แžŠិแžœแž្แžแž“៍แž”ាแžšាំแž„ แž“ិแž„แžាแž˜แž–แž›แžŠែแž›แž“ិแž™แž˜แž‡្แžšុแž›แžŠែแž›แžœាแž”ាแž“แž”แž‰្แž…េแž‰ แž€ាแžšแž‡แž‡ែแž€แžœែแž€แž‰ែแž€แž•្แž“ែแž€แžŸแž“្แžិแžŸុแžแž“ៃแž‘แžŸแžœแž្แžŸแžš៍แž†្แž“ាំ 1920 แž“ិแž„ 30 แžŸแž„្แž‚្แžšាแž˜แž្แžšแž‡ាแž€់แžŸแž€แž›แž្แžšូแžœแž”ាแž“แž…ាแž់แž‘ុแž€แžាแž‡ាแž–្แžšឹแž្แžិแž€ាแžšแžŽ៍แžŠ៏แžŸ្แž˜ុแž‚แžŸ្แž˜ាแž‰แž្แž–แžŸ់แžŠែแž›แž”ំแž•្แž›ាแž‰แž€ាแžšแž‚ិแžแž”ែแž”แž…ាแžŸ់ แž“ិแž„ แž”ាแž“แž•្แž›ាแžŸ់แž”្แžូแžšแž…ំแžŽុแž…แž™ោแž„แž‡ាแž˜ូแž›แžŠ្แž‹ាแž“។ แž”ើแž”្แžšៀแž”แž’ៀแž”แž‘ៅแž“ឹแž„แž–្แžšឹแž្แžិแž€ាแžšแžŽ៍แž‘ីแžាแž“ិแž€แž‘ាំแž„แž“េះ แžើแžœាแž–ិแžแž‡ាแžขាแž…แž“ិแž™ាแž™แž”ាแž“แžាแž†្แž“ាំ 1991-2012 แž˜ាแž“แž€ាแžšแž•្แž›ាแžŸ់แž”្แžូแžšแžŸ្แžšแžŠៀแž„แž‚្แž“ាแž‘ៅแž“ឹแž„แž€ាแžšแž’ាแž“ាแžฑ្แž™แž˜ាแž“แž€ាแžšแž‚ិแžแžกើแž„แžœិแž‰แžขំแž–ីแžœិแž’ីแžŠែแž›แž™ើแž„แžšៀแž”แž…ំแž•ែแž“แž€ាแžšแž”្แžšแžិแž”แž្แžិแž€ាแžš แž“ិแž„แž™ុแž‘្แž’แž“ាแž€ាแžšแžŠែแžšแžฌแž‘េ? แž្แž„ៃแž›ិแž… (แžŸแž˜្แžšាแž”់แž–េแž›แž“េះ) แž“ៃแž€ាแžšแž”្แžšแž†ាំแž„แž€ាแžšแž”ះแž”ោแžšแž“ៅแžข៊ីแžš៉ាแž€់ แž“ិแž„แžขាแž ្แžœแž ្แž‚ាแž“ីแžŸ្แžាแž“ แž”แž„្แž ាแž‰แžข្แž“แž€แžขแž“ុแžœแž្แžแž€ាแžšแžšแž…แž“ាแž‡ាแž˜ួแž™แž“ឹแž„แž”แž‰្แž ាแž”្แžšแžˆแž˜ แž“ិแž„แžฑแž€ាแžŸแž˜ួแž™។ แžើแž€ាแžšแžšแž…แž“ាแž“ឹแž„แžŸแž˜្แžšแž”แž្แž›ួแž“แž‘ៅแž“ឹแž„แž”แžšិแž”แž‘แž™ុแž‘្แž’แžŸាแžŸ្แž្แžš แž“ិแž„แž—ូแž˜ិแžŸាแžŸ្แž្แžšแž“แž™ោแž”ាแž™แžŠែแž›แž”ាแž“แž•្แž›ាแžŸ់แž”្แžូแžšแž“ៃแž”្แžšแžិแž”แž្แžិแž€ាแžšแžขាแž˜េแžšិแž€แžŠែแžšแžฌแž‘េ? แžฌแžើแžœាแž“ឹแž„แž€្แž›ាแž™แž‡ាแž”្แžšแž‘េแžŸแž€្แžšៅแž–ិแž—แž–แž“ៃ "แž”្แžšแžិแž”แž្แžិแž€ាแžšแž€្แžšៅแž–ីแžŸแž„្แžš្แž‚ាแž˜" แž”េแžŸแž€แž€แž˜្แž˜แž”្แžšឹแž€្แžŸា แž“ិแž„แž”แžŽ្แžុះแž”แžŽ្แžាแž› แž“ិแž„แž”្แžšแžិแž”แž្แžិแž€ាแžšแž™ោแž’ា? แž…แž˜្แž›ើแž™​แž‚ឺ​แžขាแžŸ្แžš័แž™​แž™៉ាแž„​แž‡ាแž€់แž›ាแž€់​แž‘ៅ​แž›ើ​แžข្แžœី​แžŠែแž›​แž€ំแžŽแž់​แžា​แž‡ា “แžšแž…แž“ា”។ แžœាแž…្แž”ាแžŸ់แžŽាแžŸ់แžាแž‚ំแž“ិแžแž“ៃแž™ុแž‘្แž’แžŸាแžŸ្แž្แžšแžšแž”แžŸ់ Jomini แž˜ាแž“แžŸ្แžšាแž”់แžŠើแž˜្แž”ីแž”ើแž€แž€ាแžšแž”្แžšแž™ុแž‘្แž’។ แž€ាแžšแž”្แžšแž™ុแž‘្แž’แžŠ៏แž‡ោแž‚แž‡័แž™แž‚ឺแž‡ាแžšแž„្แžœាแž“់แž“ៃแž™ុแž‘្แž’แžŸាแžŸ្แž្แžšแžŠ៏แž›្แžข។ แž€ាแžšแž”แž€แžŸ្แžšាแž™แžขំแž–ីแž™ុแž‘្แž’แžŸាแžŸ្แž្แžšแž”ែแž”แž“េះแžขាแž…แž‡ាแž•แž›แžœិแž”ាแž€แž“ៃแž”แž‘แž–ិแžŸោแž’แž“៍แžšแž”แžŸ់แž‚ាแž់แž€្แž“ុแž„แž“ាแž˜แž‡ាแž”ុแž‚្แž‚แž›ិแž€แž˜្แž“ាแž€់แžŠែแž›แž”ាแž“แž’្แžœើแž€ាแžšแž‘ាំแž„แž“ៅแž€្แž“ុแž„แž‘ីแžŸ្แž“ាแž€់แž€ាแžšแž€แžŽ្แžាแž›แžšแž”แžŸ់ Marshal Ney แž“ិแž„ Napoleon แž ើแž™แž“ៅแž‘ីแž”ំแž•ុแžแž”ាแž“แžกើแž„แž€្แž›ាแž™แž‡ាแž”្แžšแž’ាแž“แž”ុแž‚្แž‚แž›ិแž€แžšแž”แžŸ់ Ney ។ แž‚ាแž់แž“ឹแž„แž្แžšូแžœแž”ាแž“แž‚េแžŠាแž€់แž™៉ាแž„แž›្แžขแž€្แž“ុแž„แž€ាแžšแž™แž›់แžƒើแž‰ แž“ិแž„แž™แž›់แžขំแž–ីแž…ំแž“ួแž“แž€ាแžšแž„ាแžšแžŠែแž›แž…ាំแž”ាแž…់แžŠើแž˜្แž”ីแžˆាแž“แž‘ៅแžŠแž›់แžŸแž˜แžšแž—ូแž˜ិแž€្แž“ុแž„แž‘แž˜្แžšแž„់แž”្แžšแž™ុแž‘្แž’។ แžŠោแž™แž”ាแž“แžŽែแž“ាំแž–ីแž‚ំแž“ិแžแžขแž“្แžแžšាแž‚แž˜แž“៍แžšแžœាแž„แž™ុแž‘្แž’แžŸាแžŸ្แž្แžš แž“ិแž„แž™ុแž‘្แž’แžŸាแžŸ្แž្แžš Svechin แž”ាแž“แž€ំแžŽแž់แžŸិแž›្แž”ៈแž”្แžšแžិแž”แž្แžិแž€ាแžšแž€្แž“ុแž„แž›แž€្แžแžŽៈ Jominian ។ แž‘ោះแž‡ាแž™៉ាแž„แžŽាแž€៏แžŠោแž™ Svechin แž‚ឺแž‡ាแžข្แž“แž€แž”្แžšាแž‡្แž‰แžšแž”แžŸ់ Clausewitz แžŠែแž›แž”ាแž“แžŸแžšแžŸេแžšแž€ាแžšแžŸិแž€្แžŸាแžขំแž–ីแž”ុแžšแžŸแž“ិแž„แž€ាแžšแž„ាแžšแžšแž”แžŸ់แž‚ាแž់แžŠែแž›แž˜ិแž“แž‘ាแž“់แž្แžšូแžœแž”ាแž“แž”แž€แž”្แžšែแž‡ាแž—ាแžŸាแžขแž„់แž‚្แž›េแžŸ។ แž‚ាแž់​แž”ាแž“​แž€ំแžŽแž់​แž™ុแž‘្แž’แžŸាแžŸ្แž្แžš​แžŠោแž™​แžŸแž˜แž េแžុแž•แž› แž‘ោះแž”ី​แž˜ិแž“​แžŸុแž‘្แž’แžŸាแž’​แž€៏แžŠោแž™​แžាแž˜​แžœិแž’ី Clausewitzian។ “แž™ុแž‘្แž’แžŸាแžŸ្แž្แžšแž‚ឺแž‡ាแžŸិแž›្แž”ៈแž“ៃแž€ាแžšแž”แž‰្แž…ូแž›แž‚្แž“ាแž“ូแžœแž€ាแžšแžšៀแž”แž…ំแžŸแž˜្แžšាแž”់แžŸแž„្แž‚្แžšាแž˜ แž“ិแž„แž€ាแžšแž…ាแž់แž‡ាแž€្แžšុแž˜แž“ៃแž”្แžšแžិแž”แž្แžិแž€ាแžšแžŠើแž˜្แž”ីแžŸแž˜្แžšេแž…แž”ាแž“แž“ូแžœแž‚ោแž›แžŠៅแžŠែแž›แž”ាแž“แž€ំแžŽแž់แžŠោแž™แžŸแž„្แž‚្แžšាแž˜แžŸแž˜្แžšាแž”់แž€แž„แž€แž˜្แž›ាំแž„แž”្แžšแžŠាแž”់แžขាแžœុแž’។ แž™ុแž‘្แž’แžŸាแžŸ្แž្แžšแž€ំแžŽแž់แž”แž‰្แž ាแžŠែแž›แž‘ាแž€់แž‘แž„แž“ឹแž„แž€ាแžšแž„ាแžšแžšแž”แžŸ់แž€แž„แž€แž˜្แž›ាំแž„แž”្แžšแžŠាแž”់แžขាแžœុแž’ แž“ិแž„แž’แž“แž’ាแž“แž‘ាំแž„แžขแžŸ់แžšแž”แžŸ់แž”្แžšแž‘េแžŸแž˜ួแž™แžŸแž˜្แžšាแž”់แž€ាแžšแžŸแž˜្แžšេแž…แž”ាแž“แž“ូแžœแž‚ោแž›แž”ំแžŽแž„แž“ៃแžŸแž„្แž‚្แžšាแž˜แž…ុแž„แž€្แžšោแž™… แžข្แž“แž€แž™ុแž‘្แž’แžŸាแžŸ្แžš្แžแž“ឹแž„แž‘แž‘ួแž›แž”ាแž“แž‡ោแž‚แž‡័แž™ แž”្แžšแžŸិแž“แž”ើแž‚ាแž់แžœាแž™แžแž˜្แž›ៃแž™៉ាแž„แž្แžšឹแž˜แž្แžšូแžœแžขំแž–ីแž’แž˜្แž˜แž‡ាแžិแž“ៃแžŸแž„្แž‚្แžšាแž˜ แžŠែแž›แžขាแžŸ្แžš័แž™แž›ើแžŸេแžŠ្แž‹แž€ិแž…្แž… แžŸแž„្แž‚แž˜ แž—ូแž˜ិแžŸាแžŸ្แžš្แž แžšแžŠ្แž‹แž”ាแž›แž•្แžŸេแž„แŸ—แž‚្แž“ា។ แž“ិแž„แž€แž្แžាแž”แž…្แž…េแž€แž‘េแžŸ។” [xii] แžแž˜្แž›ៃแž›แž€់ AU$44.74 แŸคแŸค,แŸงแŸค แžŠុแž›្แž›ាแžšแžขូแžŸ្แž្แžšាแž›ី แžŸแž˜្แžšាแž”់ Clausewitz แž™ុแž‘្แž’แžŸាแžŸ្แžš្แžแž…ាแž”់แž•្แžើแž˜แž‡ាแž˜ួแž™แž“ឹแž„แž€ាแžšแž”្แžšแž™ុแž‘្แž’។ แžŸแž˜แžšแž—ូแž˜ិแž‚ឺแž‡ាแž˜ូแž›แžŠ្แž‹ាแž“แž“ៃแž™ុแž‘្แž’แžŸាแžŸ្แž្แžš។ แž€ាแžšแž”แž€แžŸ្แžšាแž™แž“ៃแž™ុแž‘្แž’แžŸាแžŸ្แžš្แžแž”ែแž”แž“េះแž”្แžšแž ែแž›แž‡ាแž្แžšូแžœแž”ាแž“แžขแž—ិแžœแžŒ្แžแž™៉ាแž„แž›្แžขแž–ីแž”แž‘แž–ិแžŸោแž’แž“៍แžšแž”แžŸ់ Prussia แž€្แž“ុแž„แž†្แž“ាំ 1805 ។ แž€แž„แž‘័แž–แžšแž”แžŸ់แžœាแž្แžšូแžœแž”ាแž“แž…ាแž‰់แž™៉ាแž„แžŠាแž…់แžขแž แž„្แž€ាแžšแž“ៅ Jena-Auerstedt แž”แž“្แž‘ាแž”់แž–ីแž“ោះแžŽាแž”៉ូแžกេแžขុแž„แž”ាแž“แž”แž“្แžแž€ាแžšแž”ាแž€់แž”ែแž€แžšแž”แžŸ់แž្แž›ួแž“แž‘ៅแž€ាแž“់แžŸแž˜ុแž‘្แžšแž”ាแž›់แž‘ិแž€ แž ើแž™แž”ាแž“แžŠแžŽ្แžើแž˜แž™แž€แž‘ីแž€្แžšុแž„แž”៊ែแžšแžกាំแž„แž€្แž“ុแž„แžŠំแžŽើแžšแž€ាแžšแž“េះ។ Clausewitz แž‡ឿแžា แž€ាแžšแž’្แžœើแžŸแž„្แž‚្แžšាแž˜แžšแž”แžŸ់แžŽាแž”៉ូแžกេแžขុแž„ แž˜ាแž“แž“័แž™แžា แž™ុแž‘្แž’แž“ាแž€ាแžšแž€แž˜្แžšแž“ឹแž„แž€ើแžแž˜ាแž“แž”แž“្แž‘ាแž”់แž–ីแž€ាแžšแž”្แžšแž™ុแž‘្แž’แžŠ៏แžŸំแžាแž“់ แžŸแž˜្แžšាแž”់แž€ាแžšแžŸ្แžœែแž„แžšแž€แžŠោแž™แžฅแžแžˆแž”់แžˆแžšแž“ឹแž„แž“ាំแž‘ៅแžšแž€แžŸแž“្แžិแž—ាแž–แžាแž˜แž›แž€្แžแžแžŽ្แžŒแžšแž”แžŸ់แž‚ាแž់។ แžขាแž ្แžœแž ្แž‚ាแž“ីแžŸ្แžាแž“แž‚ឺแžŸ្แž˜ុแž‚แžŸ្แž˜ាแž‰แž‘ាំแž„แžšแž…แž“ាแžŸแž˜្แž–័แž“្แž’ แž“ិแž„แžขแž“្แžแžšแžŸแž€แž˜្แž˜។ แž™ុแž‘្แž’แž“ាแž€ាแžš Normandy แž€៏แžŠូแž…แž‚្แž“ាแžŠែแžš។ แž€ាแžšแž…ាแž€់แž”แž‰្แž…ូแž›แž€แž˜្แž›ាំแž„แž‘ៅแž€្แž“ុแž„แž‘្แžœីแž”แžขឺแžš៉ុแž”แž‚ឺแž‡ាแž€ាแžšแžិแžแžំแž”្แžšឹแž„แž”្แžšែแž„แž˜ួแž™แžŠែแž›แž្แžšូแžœแž”ាแž“แž…ាแž€់แžซแžŸแž“ៅแž€្แž“ុแž„แž”แž‰្แž ាแžขแž“្แžแžšแžŸแž€แž˜្แž˜แžាแž„แž“แž™ោแž”ាแž™ แž™ោแž’ា แž“ិแž„แž”แž‰្แž ាแž”្แžšแžិแž”แž្แžិแž€ាแžš។ แž”แž‰្แž ាแž‘ាំแž„แžขแžŸ់แž“េះ - แž–ីแžขាแž€ាแžŸแž’ាแžុแžšแž ូแžแžŠแž›់แž•แž›แž”៉ះแž–ាแž›់แž“แž™ោแž”ាแž™แž“ៃแžข្แž“แž€แžŠែแž›แž“ឹแž„แž‚្แžšแž”់แž‚្แžšแž„แž”្แžšแž‘េแžŸแž”ាแžšាំแž„แž€្แžšោแž™แžŸแž„្แž‚្แžšាแž˜ - แž˜ាแž“แž”แž“្แž‘ុแž€แž›ើแž€ាแžšแžšแž…แž“ាแž“ៃแž™ុแž‘្แž’แž“ាแž€ាแžšแž“េះ។ แž‡ាแž‘ូแž‘ៅ แžŸแž„្แž‚្แžšាแž˜แž›ោแž€แž›ើแž€แž‘ី 2 แž›េแž…แžกើแž„แžែแž€្แž“ុแž„แž€ាแžšแžšៀแž”แž…ំแžกើแž„แžœិแž‰แž”៉ុแžŽ្แžŽោះ។ แž€ាแžšแž‡แž‡ែแž€แžœែแž€แž‰ែแž€แž•្แž‘ៃแž€្แž“ុแž„แžšแž”แžŸ់แžขแž„់แž‚្แž›េแžŸ แž“ិแž„แžขាแž˜េแžšិแž€แž›ើแž‚ោแž›แž“แž™ោแž”ាแž™แžŸแž“្แžិแžŸុแžแžขแž“្แžแžšแž‡ាแžិแž–េแž‰แž˜ួแž™แž‘แžŸแžœแž្แžŸแžš៍แž†្แž“ាំ 1930 แž–េแž›แž្แž›ះแž”ាแž“แž”แž„្แž ាแž‰แžា แž›แž€្แžแžŽៈแžœិแž“ិแž…្แž†័แž™แžŸំแžាแž“់แŸ—แž‘ាំแž„แžขแžŸ់แž“ៃแžšแž…แž“ាแžŸแž˜្แž–័แž“្แž’แž˜ិแž“แž›្แžข៖ แžข្แž“แž€แž‡ំแž“ាแž‰แžŠែแž›แž˜ាแž“แž€ាแžšแžขแž”់แžšំแž˜ិแž“แž”ាแž“แž™แž›់แž–្แžšแž˜แž›ើแžšแž…แž“ាแžŸแž˜្แž–័แž“្แž’แž“ៃแž”แž‰្แž ាแž“แž™ោแž”ាแž™-แž™ោแž’ាแž“ោះแž‘េ។ แž€ាแžšแžŸแž˜្แžšេแž…แž…ិแž្แžแž›ើแžขแž“ាแž‚แžแž“ៃแžŸแž„្แžš្แž‚ាแž˜ แž”្แžšแž†ាំแž„แž“ឹแž„แž•្แž‘ៃแžាแž„แž€្แžšោแž™แž“ៃแž€ាแžšแž•្แž›ាแžŸ់แž”្แžូแžšแž”แž…្แž…េแž€แžœិแž‡្แž‡ាแžšแž‰្แž‡ួแž™แžŠី แž‚ោแž›แž›แž‘្แž’ិ แž“ិแž„แž€ាแžšแž•្แž›ាแžŸ់แž”្แžូแžšแž“แž™ោแž”ាแž™แž€៏แž“ៅแž†្แž„ាแž™แž–ីแž—ាแž–แžŸាแž˜แž‰្แž‰แžŠែแžš។

Military Concept Art

Military Android Concept Art | FreelancerSource: cdn2.f-cdn.com

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